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June 16, 1925.

F MQLLER GRINDING MACHINE ARI) METHOD OF GRINDING 10 s eets-sheet 1- Original File d Jan. 2'7, 1917 June 16, 1925. Q

F. MULLER GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING 10 Sheets-SheetL 1 5E U 9w im w r o 1 8 g n W km 1&1 kmw w l ro ll |I v I@ I 1 I l q a t)! l JMHIH i p Q h m P. Q an mm M r Q 1 Q g ww i. w m M Ev M Original Filed Jan. 2'7

2 Julie 16, 1925.

-F-. MULLER GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING Original Filed Jan. 27, 1917 l Sheebs-Sheet 3 F. MULLER June I6, I925.

METHOD OF GRINDING GRINDING MACHINE AND Origin a1 Filed Ja n. 27, 1917 10 Shets-Sheet 4 4 aumq 16, 1925. F. MULLER GHXNDI'NG ANDJMETHOD or GRINDING angina Filed Jam 2:7. 191? "1o smu -stint 5- June 16, 1925.

F. MULLER GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING Original Filed Jan. 27, 1917 10 Sheets-Sheet s June 16, 1925.

F. MULLER GRINDLNG MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING original Filed Jan. 27, 1917 1o Shee ts-Sheet 7 June 16, 1925.

F. MULLER GRINDING MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING Original Filed Jan. 27,

1917 10 Sheets- Sheet a June 16, 1925.

- F. MULLER emunme-wycamfi 1mm: mmnon 0P enm'mm Origifgal Filed Jan. 27, 1917 I l'OfShe ets-Sheet 9' Jmemldb June 16,

' Original Filed Jan. 27 191;! 10 snub-sheet -10 9 mm A hmfi 3V W m3 5 H F w, v v NNQ x ma 9Q lll'lllllv WE ////wwh\ a N teis ued J une l'6 1925.

imrrsb. STATES I R v 16,093

PATENT @FF' I rmnniamcn or nanrronn connsc'mcur nssmnon 'ro rns'rra WHITNEY conramnor namronn, CONNECTICUT, A conronn'non or NEwmnsaY.

GBIN'DI ING MACHINE AND METHOD OF GRINDING.

Original 1T0. 1,365,337, dated January 11, 1921, Serial-No. l4i,'923, filed January 27, 1917 for reissue filed October 19 1921. SerialNo. 508,890.

lo all 114mm it mag concern: Be it known that I, Fmannmcn Mtiuinu, a citizen of, the United States, residing at -Hartford. in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in Grinding Machines and Methods of Grinding, of which the following is a specification.

- The invention relates particularly to metal working machines or attachments therefor adapted for finishing and relieving the flutes or teeth of reamers or other similar metal working tools, The invention is particularly useful when applied to machines provided with grinding wheels, but/ as concerns some of the less specific features,

it can be used in connection; with machines provided with other metal reducing means such as cutting tools. It will a pear, how.- ever, from the followingspeci cation that the invention, as concerns some of its more Swim features, pted only for grinding machines.

Lil

tools.

The invention also relates to an improved method of grinding reamers and similar "Throughout the specification reference .will be had to a grinding machine.and a grinding wheel, but in many cases these terms are used simply for convenience and for brevity of expression and are intended to include other l-netal reducing means as set forth above. Also throughout the specification the termfreamer will be used, but it will be understood thatthe term is used generically andjis intended to include Qther metal working-tools having teeth or flutes if adapted to be relieved, particularly by grinding.

()ne of the objects of the invention is to provide a mechanism for presenting the teeth of; a reamer'to a grinding wheel in rapid succession for relieving, .the wheel engaging each tooth along its entire length.

' The desired relief is most" advantageously effected by reciprocating the reame-r toward and from the wheel while it is being turned to present the successive-teeth. Preferably a relative" feeding is effected between the reamer and'the wheel during grinding to cause them to'japproach each other until the provide improved mechanism whereby the amount of relief can be changed as required.

A further object of the invention. is to provideimproved means for turning or rotating the reamer, the said means being adapted to present a different tooth to the '6 grinding wheel ateach' reciprocation not:

withstanding variations in they'spacing of i the teeth; Anpther objectof the invention is to provide numerous improved structural features adapted for carrying out t lie-purposes-al-. reacy set forth. i

Another object of the invention is to provide an attachment for a grinding machine,

the attachment being adapted to co-operiite with the grinding wheel and other partsioff a previously or separately constructed l nachine to accomplish the results abov t forth.

Another object vide an improved method of grinding a reamer, whereby all of the teeth are relieved and finished from end to end substantially simultaneously.

V 1 Still further objects of the invention will lee/apparent from and the claims.

the following specification I have shown" two different -,mechanisms each embodying certain of the structural features of my invention and each adapted S5 for carrying out my improved method, but it is to be understood that the structural features of my invention can beembodied v in mechanisms different from those shown and that the improved method can be followed by the use of other and different mechanisms. The invention is particularly applicable to a grinding machine of the type shown anddescribed in my reissued Patent 1N0. 13,930101" grindlng machines, dated,

June T15th,"1915, and a similar nmehine is, illustrated in the drawihgs. It will be understood that the drawings are'fqi-illustrative purposes only andare not to be considcred as defining or limiting the scope of the 1 invention, the accompanying claims being;

relied upon for, that purpose.

of the invention is tofp'ro- .75

shown in Figs. 1 and 2, this view'being taken from the left. i

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertuai sectional view taken along the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the headstock taken from the right.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view of a part of the mechanism for turning the reamer.

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view of the tailstock taken along the line 8-8 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is an end view of the tailstock, the view being taken from the right.

Fig. 10 is an end view of the reamer clamping device, the view being taken from the right. 1

Fig.'11is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken, along the longitudinal center line of the mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view showing the principal elementof the reamer actuat ing mechanism.

F g. 13 is a vertical longitudinal, view similar to Fig. 1 but showing another embodiment of the invention, the mechanism shown being adapted to be substituted for the mechanism shown in Figs. 1 to, 12.

Fig. 14 is a horizontal sectional view of the mechanism, shown in Fig. .13.

Fig. 15 is an end view of the headstock shown in Figs. 13 and 14,"the view being taken from the left. h

.Fig. 16 is a transverse vertical sectional View taken along the line 16-16 of Fig. '14. Fig. 17 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the tailstock taken alongthc line 17-47 of Fig. 14. l

Fig. 18 is an end view of the tailstock'p this view being taken from the right. Fig. 19 is a plan view (with parts. removed) of a complete grinding mechanism embodying the invention[ Fig. 20 is an end view taken from the right.

Fig. 21 is a combined sectional and end View taken along the line 21-21 of Fig. 19. Figs. nnd'QS are detail views showing in ditl'crent positions (hecssential parts of the mechanism for controlling the position of the carriage supporting the grinding wheel.

taken along the line 26 26 of Fig. 19, some of the parts being shown in elevation. 1. Referring to the drawings, 1 represents as. a whole a reamer holding and actuating mechanism adapted to co-operate with So far as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 12 the grinding machine comprises, in addition to the wheel- 2, a bed '3 having longithdinal ways 4. and 5 and a. longitudinal T-slot 6.

The reamer holdin and actuatin mecha- DlSIll comprises a headstock 7 and a tailstock 8 and preferably other devices mounted upon or adapted to be mounted upon the bed.

The headstock 7 and the tailstock 8 are provided respectively with centers 9 and 10 adapted to engage the respective endsof a reamer R. The headstock and tailstock are preferably adjustable along the ways 1 and 5 of the bed 3 in order" to accommodate reamers of different lengths. Suitable means such as bolts 11 and 11 entering the T- slot 6 are provided for holding them inadjusted positions.

The machine is so constructed that relative reciprocation of the reamer holding devices and the grinding wheel toward-and away from each other can be efl'ected, this reciprocation' being ofthe proper amplitude to effect the desired relief of the reamer teeth. So far as certain of the broader features of. the invention are concerned, it is immaterial whether the grinding wheel be reciprocated toward or from the rcamer, or the reamer reciprocated toward and from the grinding wheel; but in order to carry out some of the more specific purposes'of the invention it is necessary to reciprocate the reamer toward and from the wheel. The provision of means for reciprocating the reamer especially important When the invention embodied as an attachment for a machine not otherwise adapted for relieving.

The reciprocation of the reamer is etlect ed by moving the centers 9 and 10, the movement preferably being an oscillatory one about an eccentric longitudinal axis. Means are provided for oscillating both of the centers in unison, and reference will first be had to the mechanism for oscillating the center 9 of the headstock.

hlounted in suitable bearings 12 and 13 in themain frame casting of the headstock is a spindle 1 1. this spindle being provided headstock casting is a drive shaft 16 on ing provided with a cam 28.

which are mounted tight and loose belt pul leys 17 and 18 For shifting the belt from one to the other of these pulleys there is provided a manually operable shifting lever 19. y

A longitudinal rotatable shaft 20 is mounted in suitable bearings-near the bot tom of the headstock casting. At the end of the headstock there is. provided a train of gearing for connecting the drive shaft 16 and the shaft 20. As shown-, this train of gearing comp-rises a pinion 21 mounted on the shaft lfi and meshing with a gear 23, mounted on a'st'ud 23 carried by the headstock casting. Secured to the gear :22 1s a pinion 2-1 which meshes with an idler gear 25 on a stud 26 also carried by the headstock casting. The idlergear25 meshes with-a gear 27 secured to the shaft :20. By means of this train of gearing the shaft 20 is rotated at a speed considerably less than that of the shaft 16.

Keyed to the shaft 20 is a collar or bush- Pivoted to the headstock casting at 29 is-a lever 30 provided with a roller 31 positioned to engage the cam 28. Secured to the spindle 14 is a lever 32 positioned. above the lever 30; ('arried by the lever 32 is a lug 33 which is V-shaped at its bottom and which engages the lever 30.

The log 33 is adjustable longitudinally of the lever .32 and can be secured in adjusted position by means of a set screw 31} A coil spring 35 presses downward upon the lever 32 thus serving to hold the lug 33 firmly in engagement with the lever 30. The upper end of the spring abuts against a screw 36 which can be adjusted to change the spring pressure.

It will be seen that asthe shaft 20 and the cam 28 are rotated. the lever 30 will be oscillated ahout its pivot. and by means of the lug33 will transmit an oscillatory movement to the lever 32 and the spinill'e'll. The extent of the oscillatory movdn'lent can he changed-by movingtho lug 3 It. will be seen that when the lug is moved to the right as viewed in Fig. -1. it engages a point on the lever 30 where the vertical movement is less. and at the same time the effective length of the lever is increased. thus still further decreasing the amplitude 'of oscillation. when the lug is moved to the left the opposite results are obtained and the amplitude of oscillation is increased. Be-

* cause of the eccentricity ofmounting of" the.

-tends through the spring.

center 9 the oscillation brought about in the way described causes the center to oscillate about the spindle axis thus effecting a reciprocation toward and from the grinding wheel.

As shown in, Fig. 4, the roller 31 is'iny engagement with the lowest part of the (am 28. In this position the levers 30 and 32 are parallel and the axis of the aperture that because of the fact that the lovers 55.0

and 32 are parallel for this position, the lug '33 can be adj usted to change the amplitude of oscillation "without changing the outermost position of the axis of the center.

The center 10 ofthe tailstock is carried by an oscillatory spindle which is preferably in the form of a segment 37. The segment 3? is mounted upon-the main tailstock casting which-is provided with a semi-cylindrical recess adapted to receive it. The segment is provided at'its ends with se1ni-circular undercut rabbets and semi-circular gibs 38 and 39 are secured to the tailstock casting, fitting the rabbets and holding the segment in place without interfering with oscillatory movement. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 8, the segment 37 extends through only a little more than 180, thus leaving the space beyond the axis substantially unobstructed and adapted to be occupied by the grinding wheel when necessary.

The center 10 is preferably connected with the oscillatory segment 37 by means of a slide 40 towhich the center is rigidly 'secured. The center is eccentrically .positioned-with respect to the axis of the segment, the eccentricity being the same 'i'ex- 'tent and'posit-ion as the eccentricity of the center 9 witlrrespect to the axis of the spindle 14. The slide is longitudinally movable'with respect to the segmentand means are provided for ap jlying a predeterminedly limitcdpressure to the slide to move it.v vAs shown, the movement of the slide toward the tailstock is effected by a coil spring 41., and in the other direction by a rod42 which ex- ()ne end of the spring abuts against a stop'43 secured to the segment 87, and the, rod 42 extends through an aperture in this stop. Mounted on the rod 42 is a grooved collar 4{, the position of which isadjustable by means of lock nuts 4;"). Normally the slide is moved toward the left by means of the spring. the; extent of movement being limited by the rod 42 and the collar 44., Pivoted on 'the tailstock cas s ing is a manually operahle'lever .46 provided withpins 47, 47 engaging the groove ofthe collar 4-1. By means of the lever 46 which acts through the'collar 44 and the rod 42,

the slide can drawnback against the pressure of the spring 41. In this way the center 10.can be withdrawn to release aprovided a mechanism similar to that pro-' vided'for oscillating the spindle 14.- The shaft 20 is extended to engage suitable bean ings in the tailstock casting. Connected with the shaft is a collar or bushing provided with acam 47. This cam huslnng 1S splined to the shaft so as to permit the tailstock to be adjusted longitudinally with respect to the headstock; Pivoted to the tailstockcasting art-48 is a lever -19 provided with a roller engaging the cam 47. Se-

cured to the segment 37 is a lever 51 which carries a lug 52 V-shaped at its bottom'and e'ngaginn'the lever 49. The lug is adjustable longitudinally of the lever and can be held in adjusted position by means of the set screw A spring 54 presses downward upon the lever 51,-the pressure of the spring bein adjustable by means of the screw It will be seen that by means of this mechanismthe segment 37 will be oscillated as the shaftQO and the cam, 47 are rotated, the extent oi. oscillation being adjustable by changingthe position of the lug As shown in Fig. 8 the roller 50 is in engagement with the lowest part of the cam 4-7. In this position the levers l9 and 51 are parallel and the axis of the center 1'0 is directly below the axis of the-segment 37. The axis of the center is in its \outermost position and any movement thereof must be toward the right or away from the grind iug, wheel. It 'Wlll be clear that because of the fact that the levers 49 and 51 are parallel for this position the lug 52 can be ad.

justed to change the amplitude of oscillation without changing the outermost position of the axis of the center.

'lhe levers 4'9 and 51 are respectively similar in length and position ,to the levers 30 and 32and the two cams 28 and 47 aic similar in shape and in position on the shaft 20. 'lhcrel'orc w'hcnthe lugs and 52 are similarly positioned thetwo centers 9 and 1t) are oscillated in unison and to the same extent. Preferably as indicated in Fig. 2 suitable marks are provided on the love 32 and 5t so that the two lugs 33 and 52 can be readily positioned so as to obtainthc same amplitude of oscillation for the two centers.

Meclnmism is provided for eng..ging a reamcr mounted on the centers and for turning it insuch a way that successive teeth are presented for grinding at successive 7 movements or oscillations of the reamer toward the grinding wheel. The turning may be either continuous or intermittent. If the merrier to be ground has its teethv whether the turning be continuous or intern'iittentor' at a uniform or a variable rate, it s'necessary in order to etlect. a reliev ng olthe teeth to turn the reamer simultaneously with and in definite relation to its movement toward oraway. from the grinding wheel.

I prefer to efiect the turning intermittently and in order that the machine may be capable of grindin reamers having their teeth unevenly space I prefer to provide a turning mechanism as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5, G and 7. Rotatively mounted on the spindle 14 concentrically with the enter 9 and eccentrically of the bearings 12 and 13, is asleeve or bushing 56 provided-age}? with gear teeth. Secured to the sleeve 56 is an arm 58 carrying a pin 59 which extends parallelly .with the spindle 14: and projects through an arcuate slot 60 in the wall ofthe headstock. Preferably there is provided a supplemental arm 61 also engaging the pin 55) and having a bearing on the spindle concentric with the center. Secured to the pin 59 is a bracket 62, this bracket prefer ably being adjustable along the pin and held in place by a set screw 63 engaging agroove (34. in the pin. Connected with the bracket (32 is aslide 65 (see Fig?) adjustable horizontally toward and away flfOlJtllB Vertical plane of the spindle axis. By means of a bolt 66 the slide can be secured to the bracket in'any desired position. The forward endof the slide 6.) is forked and be-- tweenthe forks there ispii 'oted a block 67 carrying a pan/1'68. The pawl is adfustable upward or downwardwith respect to the block by means of the-screw 69 and can be held in adjusted position by means of the screw 70. A spring 71 is interposed between the slide and the block-serving to press the lower end of the block forward and to swing the upper 'end'o't the pawl inof turning the sleeve 56 and the parts; rection, the pawl 68 slipping ojfer the next carried thereby are turned in the other di tooth oi? the rcamer and dropping in be: hind it.

ing mechanism is provided. f'Mounted upon? For oscillating the sleeve Sit-the follow casting at 73 is a lever 7% provided with a roller 75 engaging the cam 72. A lever76' positioned above the lever 74, be'1ng.p1v-

oted to the headstock casting at 7-7. A lug 78 issecure'd to the lever 76, this"heiug grinding wheel.

V-sliaped at its lower end and engaging the upper surface of the lever 74. The lug 1s adjustablealong the lever and canbe held in placewby means of, a. set screw 79. A spring 80, adjustable by means of a screw 81, presses downward upon. the lever .76. The end of the lever '76 is provided with a segmental gear 82 meshing with a pinion .83 rotatable upon a pin 84? mounted in the t 1e headstock casting. Connected *with pinion S3 is a segmental gear 85" meshing with'the teeth 57 of the sleeve 56. It will be seen that by the mechanism described an oscillatory movement is transmitted to the sleeve 56 and to the parts carried thereby when the shaft and the cam 72 are retated. v

The cam 172 is so shaped and so positioned with respect to therams 28 and 4:7 that the movement of the pawl 68 in the direc- 'tion to advance the reamer is completed when the reameris moving away from the from an inspection of the-diagrammatic view in Fig. 12, itbeing understood that' the cam 47 and the parts operable thereby are movable in unison with ,the cam 28 and the parts driven thereby (which are illustrated). The roller 31 is In engagement with an intermediate part. of the cam.28

and is being pushed upward. and the roller 75 is in engagement with the highest part of the cam 72. The cam 72 in rotating to its present position has moved the roller 75 u -iwari. and has caused the pawl 68 to rotate the'reamer in the direction of the arrow.

. ent position hasmovcd the roller 31 upward,

the cam 72 continues io rotate the roller The cam 28 in rotating to its presllius turning the spindlelt in the clockwise direction and bodily moving the reamer away from the grinding Wheel. In this way the roamcr has been turned and at the same time moved away from the wheel, the tooth adjaccntthe wheel being ground with the }uope'r relief. Further rotation of the cam 28 moves the rearner entirely out of engage-' incnt witlnthc wheel, thus preventing any possible improper grinding thereof. As

75 is permitted to move downward under the influence of gravity and of the spring $50. thus mining the pawl (38 in the clockwise direction ':=n l causing it to take a pofiiii 'lll llltlPh of'zhc next reauier tooth. During; the. subsequent movement of the rcamerv in the direction ofthc arrow the roller 31 .is pcrIni-ttcdby the sharply inclined section 28 ofthe cam 28 to move quickly down- This will be apparentv ward and swing the reainer outward so as to be ready forthe grinding of the next tooth.

By changing the position of the lug 78 the i amplitude of oscillation of the pawl 68 can be changed as already described. The amplitude of oscillation may be varied to correspond approximately with the spacing of reached'when the roller 7 is on the highest part of; thecam 72; tl1'e levers 74 and 76 beipg parallel. Therefore the extent of forward movement of the cam is not affected in any way bythe adjustment of the lug 78 tochangethe amplitude of oscillation.

It is desirable to provide for changing the amount/of reliefas maybe required for differentjclasses of work. Heretofore in the case 'o f eccentrieally niou'nted oscillating centers the amount of relief has been changed bychanging the eccentricity. In accordancewith my invention the mechanism is greatly simplified by providing oscillating ,centers having. their eccentricity fixed, and/by providing other means for changing the amount of relief. \Vhen the rate or" the manner of turning is fixed or predetermined, the amount of relief can be changed bv changing the amplitude of oscillation. ln thepresent construction this is eii'ected by changing the positions of the v lugs 33'and 5?, as already described. For

a given speed of, the shaft 20 the time required foreach complete cycleof oscillation is fixed and thereforeazwhen the rate. of

turning is fined as above stated, there will be a definite amount of turning for" each [If desired the amount of relief can also he changedbv. changing the rate of turning.

without changing theamplitude of oscillation; With the amplitude of oscillation fixed the amount of movement toward or from the grinding wheel' is fixed, and if the amount of turning during .such movement be changed. the amount of relief will he changed. If the rate of turning be rapid the angle of reliefissmall, and if the rate pawl 68. F or-a right-hand reamer the shank' must engage the center 10 and for a. left hand reamer the shank must engage the" t of turning be slow then the angle of relief is large. In the present constructionthe rate of turning may be changed by changin the.

purt of my invention, the headstock 7 and tailstock18 are adjusted on the bed 3 to position the centers 9 and 10V at. the correct distance from each other to properly engage reamers of the length to be ground an'dto bring the teeth of the reamers opposite the grinding wheel 2. Then the center 10- is drawn back 'by means of the lever 46 and a. reamer is put in place. The lever is released and the center 10 is pressed against the reamer by the spring 41. Care is taken in preliminarily adjusting the headstock and tailstock and in putting the reamer in place to see that the teeth face downward. at the rear so as to be'properly engaged by the center 9." I

After the reamer is properly engaged'by the centers the drive belt is shifted to the pulley 17. the reamer intermittently tooth by tooth and each tooth is ground as it is presented .to

the grinding wheel. Asalready Stated, the.

' an apeiturethrough which the shaft 20.-ex-

rcame'ris at the position farthest away from the wheel when the pawl'is in its upper position as shown in-Fig; 12, thus causing the edgeof the tooth engaged by the pawl .to be higher than any other part of the tooth. During retrograde movement of -'the"pawl the reamer is moved a' little further away from the grinding wheel to insure clearance. When the pawl has engaged the next tooth and'has'startedto turn it,=the reamer eflected by en is caused to move quickly toward the grinding wheel, the wheel entering the space be tween the two teeth. As the turning movement of the reamer continues the reamer is.

again moved away from the Wheel at a speed'so related to the speed of turning as to effect the. grinding ofthe tooth with the proper convex relief surface, It 'willebe seen that eachtooth engages the grinding wheel but once for each revolution of the reamer, successive teeth being presented for grinding at successive oscillations. After the grinding has been completed,'the center I0. can be withdrawn-to release the reamer and another reamer to be ground be .put

in place.

Inasmuch as the turning of the reamer is ement. with the reamer "frgthgt the turning w ll Will The 1 pawl 68 then acts to turn' be properly effected even though the teeth maybe unevenly s aced. It is. only necessary to so /adjust t 1e parts that the throw of the pawl is at least as great as the greatest distance between any two adjacent teeth.

For teeth that are more closely spaced the pawl will have more lost motion but will engage the teeth. at the proper instants and advance them. This feeding mechanism is highly advantageous ,even for reamcrs having teeth which are. supposedly uniformly spaced. In the initial grooving of the reamers to form the teeth, an indexing mechalnism of some sort must be provided, and even with a. very accurate indexing mechanism minor errors are likely to arise. It will be seen that my improved mecha nism automatically compensates for such errors as may have arisen in the initial for mation of the teeth, all of the teeth being accurately ground and with their cutting ed es at the same distance from the center.

nder some circumstances there is a tendency. for the reamer to move backward with the awl 68 when the pawl is moved back- 'war to engage the next tooth. {In order to preventthis and to hold the reamer sta tionary as concerns rotary movement during the backward movement of the pawl,

preferto provide a mechanism for engag ng the rea'mer, this mechanism preferably acting f'rictionally. As shown in Figs. 1,

2 and 10, thereis provided a bracket 86 rest-- ing upon the bed 3 and adj'ustably secured thereto bymeans of the bolts 87 enterin the vT-slot 6. This bracket is provided wit 1 tends. Mounted on the bracket 86' is a transversely movable horizontal slide 88.

'.Thi's slide is rovided with a handle 89 by means of w ich it may be moved, the

amount of movement being adjustably limited'by means of the screw 9O secured to the" slide and the'bolt 91 secured to the bracket and having stop nuts at 92. .The horizontal slide 88 is providedwith. vertical Waysin' which are mounted two vertical slides or blocks 93 and 94,.these slides being controllable by the oppositely threaded screw 95'. \Vhen the screw-is: turned in one these levers arefriction pads 98. Slidably mounted .in lu g's onthe lever 97 is a push rod'99 engaging an arm 100 extending vertically from the lever 96. A spring 101.

surrounds the rod 99 and serves to press it.

putward against the arm 100, thus tending "zontalglever'97. At'the forward ends of" ccn ter.

above the axis of the bushing.

the bed so as to/be in positioi'i to engage the shank of thereamer being ground. Tlnle the reamcr is being put into place the slide is drawn back manually and then when the rcamcris engaged by the centers the slideis pressed forward, the friction pads springing apart to pass over the shank. The shank is gripped between the pads with sutlicent force to prevent any accidental backward movement of the reamer', the force being insufficient, however, to interfere in any Such a. mechanismis shown in Figs-13 to 18. It. willbe understood that theXconstruction shown inthese figures isintended to be used alternately"with the construction shown in Figs. 1 i012, and that the other parts" of the machine niay be and preferably are the sameas already briefly described.

It will'furthermore he understood that the mechanism shown in these figures may be constructed as an attachment for a. pre

viously' or separately constructed machine, or if desired, may constitute a permanent part oi: a complete machine.

, The mechanism comprises a headstock and a tailstock El mounted upon or adapted to be mounted upon the bed 3 and held in place by means of bolts 11 and 11 en tering the T-slot -6.. Carried respectively by the headstock 7 and the tailstoelr 8 are centers 9 and 10". The center 9 is meantcd-in a: spindle 14 by means of a collct 102 controlled by anspring 103 surrounding a rod 104. By means of a lever 105 pivoted at-106 the colletj can be moved to the right in opposition the spring to release the A bushing; 107 is ((QGl'ltllC aperture of the bushin As shown in Fig; 16' the axis of the spindle directly Means are provided for oscillating the bushing ll and in this way oscillating the '(lrivcshaft is provided with tight and loose belt pulleys 1? and 18*. For shifting the belt on tl'icse pulleys there is provided a manually operable shiftinglever 19.

I rotatably mounted in the-headstock castm and the central aper-' meshing: with an idler gear mounted on a stud '26. Gear 25 meshes with argear 273 secured to a longitudinal shafttiZW n ounteil in suitable bearings in the head stock fcastintr. Preferably the pinion 21 is'interchangeable with other similar pinions having different numbers of teeth, the stud 26 being adjustable to permit the gear 2:5,t0 mesh with such differing pinipns. In this way the speed of the shaft 20 can be changed with respect to' the speed of the drive shaft 1 6 Secured to the shaft 20 is a camitw'". 3U a lmierpivotetl to the headsto'cl-z *asting at 2";and provided with a roller 31 engaging the cam 528. A lever 32 is positioned above the lever and is connected with the bushing 10. Adjust able along the lever 32 is :1 lug 33 adapted to hesecured inadjusted position by means of the screw 34-. A spring 35 presses downward on the lever 3:2, the springlicing adjustahlc by means of the threaded sleeve 36 It will be seen that as the shaftE JO is r0 .tated the bushing 107 will be oscillated to a greater 'or less extent in accordance with the adjustment of thelug 33. I

As shownin Fig. lti-the roller 31* is in engagement with the lowest part of the canr :28 and the levers 30 and 315 are parallel. It is therefore'possible to change the position of the lug '83 without changing the relative position of the axis of the. spindle l4. 1

The center 10 of the .tailstock is carried by'an oscillatory spindle which is preferably in the form of a segment 37. The segment 37*" is mounted upon the niain tailstock. casting which is provided with a semi-cylindrical recess adapted-to receive it. The segment is provided end with semi-circular undercut rabbels and-set ,ic.ircular gihs 38 and 35) secured to the tailstock casting and .tit'ting the rabhets hold the segment in place Without interfering "with scillatory movement. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 17, the segment 37* egrtends thrmig'h only a little morethan 180, thus leaving the space beyond the axis substantially unobstructed and adapted to be essary.

The center with the-os illatory segment 37 by means .ol' :1- sliile 4!)" to which the center is rigidly secured. The center is ewe utrical'ly PO51." tloncd with respect to the axis of the segment, the eccentricity being the same. in

occupied by the grinding Wheel when nec- 10 is preferably connected extent and position as the eccentricity or the center 9 with respect to the axis'of the bushing 107. The slide is longitudinally movable with respect to the segmentand is controlled-by eglever 4G" pivoted to the tailslm'lt' casting at 108. Also mounted on the pivot 1.08 is a handlever 109. "Mounted beeui-ed, to the drive shaft is a pinion 21" tweenthese two levers isa suitable friction element 110. Because of'the frictional engagement between the two levers the hand lever 109 can be used to transmit power toa roller ll2-carried by a lever 113. At the other end of the lever is a screw 114, and when the lever is moved by the cam block 111 this screwis pressed against an annular 30 alndfi32f and the two earns 28" and 47*,

i I "Therefore when'the lugs 33 and ;52' .are similarly positioned .the two centers 9' and 10 are oscillated in unison and surface on the lever 46*thus locking the lever in adjusted position. Preferably the connection between the lever 46 and the slide .40 comprises a rod 42 and a coil spring 41; Frequently the grinding takes laceat such a rapid rate'that the reamer is heated, expansion taking place and tending to cause undue pressure and friction at the centers. The spring permits the com ter 10 to move backward slightly to compensate for expansion.

'For oscillating the segment 37 there is provided a mechanism similar to that pro vided for oscillating the bushing 107. The shaft 20 is extended to engage suitable hearings in the tailstock casting. Connected with the shaft is a collar or bushing provided with a cam 47. This cam bushing is splined to the shaft so asto permit the tailstock to be adjusted longitudinally with respect to the headstock. Pivoted to the tailstoc casting at 48* is a lever 49 provided w th a roller 50 engaging the cam Secured to the segment 37 is a. lever 51 which carries a lug. 52 V-shaped at its bottom and engaging the lever 49. The lug is adjustable longitudinally of the lever and can be .held in' adjusted position by means of a screw 53*. A springfi P presses downward upon the lever 51, the pressure of the spring being adjustable by means of the threaded'sleeve 55. It will be seen that by means of this mechanism the segment 37 will'be oscillatedas the shaft 20 and the cam 47 are rotated, the extent of oscillation being adjustable by changing the position of the lug 52. f

As shown in Fig. ,17 the roller 50 is in engagement with the lowest part of the cam 47 and the levers 49. and 51 are parallelf -It/i s therefore possible to change the position. if the lug52 without changing the relative positionof the axis of the segment 37.

-The levers 49* and 51 are respectively:

similar in length and position to the levers are siinilar in shape and in position on the same extent: Preferably, as indieated l4, suitable ,,n1arks .are pro-"teet h.

vided on the levers 32 and 51*, so that the two lugs 33 and 52* can be readily posi' tinned, so. asto obtain the same amplitude of oscillation for the two centers.

Means are provided for rotatinga reamer mounted on the centers 9 and 10? and in the present embodimentof the invention the reamer is rotated continuously at a- Ulllform rate. The rotation of'thereanier is effected by means of the spindle 14:. Se cured to'the end of the spindleiis a driver 115 adapted to engage the shank of the reamer to turn it. The driver is provided with a finger 1'16 adapted to engage a groove or flat face otthe reamer shank, but the form of the driver can be. varied as required'by the form of the shank.

Mounted on, the opposite end ofv the spindle 14? is a' gear 117 meshing with a pinion 118 secured to the driv'efshaft 16. It will be seen that by means of this gearing thespindle is continuousl .rotated, carrying the. reamer with it. bviously, the

centers mustbemoved toward and from the grinding wheel and as many. times during each revolution of the-reamer as the reamer has teeth.- It is for this reason that ehange-spe'ed gearing is provided for driving the shaft 20. Byusing' the proper pin-ion at 21 the speed of the shaft 20'' many be so determined as to oscillate or reciprocate the reamer the proper number of times. p

The operation of the mechanism shown in Figures 13 to- 18 is similar to that of the mechanism. first described except that the reamer is turned continuously instead oi intermittently; A detailed description of the operation is unncessary.

It has heretofore been customary to grind reamers .by means of mechanisms which os cillatecl the reamers back and forth about its axis, each tooth being kept in contact with the grinding wheel until completely ground, and the wheel usually traveling longitudinally of the reamer. Afteronetooth was ground then the reamer wasuindexed and another tooth was ground. This methan appreciable difl' erence vbetiveen the first.

tooth and the last tooth. "In the effort to overcome .this difiiculty to Someentent .it has been common practice to grind each tooth twice, the first grinding beingto re-j du ce the tooth approximately .to size and the second grinding being for .theflsake of finishingand tolremove the inaccuracies iii the first grinding arising fromthe wear of the wheel. Such a double grinding is ob viously expensive, and furthermore only partially eliminates the inequalit-ies of the' In the'use of mySimproved machine i and infollowing improved'm etl'iod, the- 1 mp9s several teeth are presented 'Stothe/wheel in rapid succession, and any Wear of the wheel affects ,all of the teeth uniformly.

It will be obvious, however, that when the teethare presented to the'wheel in rapid succession as stated, each tooth engaging the \vhe-elbut once during a complete revolution of the reamer, the grinding cannot ordinarisly be finished during one revolution. Means must usually be provided for -efi'ect1ng a,

relative feeding or approaching movement. between the wheel and the reamer to cause additional metal-to be ground away on suecessive revolutions of the reamerl, For this purpose "I prefer to PIOVlLlG a mechanism similar to'that shown in my reissued Patent 13,930 already referred to. This mechanism comprises means for moving the grinding wheel toward and away from the reamer sup porting devices; -As illustrated in Figs. 19 .to 26-the grinding wheel 2 is mounted on a sha'ft'l 19lr0tatable in bearingsforming parts of a'support The support 120 is mounted on a carriage 121 which in turn'is mount- -edfon a nlallll frame 122 which also carries theaforesaidbed 3. Mechanism for moving and controlling the carriage 121' and the grinding .wheel comprises an auxiliary carriage 123 having movement in a direction v transverse tothat of. the carriage 121. The said. carriages are soconstructed and" arranged that as thecarniage 123 is moved longitudinally in OIIG ClII'OCtIOH or the other at-suitable transverse inovem'entis imparted to the carriage-121 and to the grinding wheel-2.snpported thereon. A lug 124 is con-- .nected rigidly to the carriage 121 and has sliding contact with a cam piece 12.") upon the fea'r'riage 123, The face of the memberlii in Contact with the lu; 124 isso shaped .that

. l i or a given on e carria e 1., a c ef oh if th g 1 3 1 riage121. i i a i For, the purposepf varying the relat ve siredxmotion will be. imparted to the-carpositionand movement of the two carriages.

thelmemher-125 is pivotally mounted and has suitable ail ust ing -meaus co-acting there ith The adjusting means compriscs a sc re\v' 126"threaded into a block'127 upon the carriage 1 23, the-t2iperethend of the SCIBlYzbGfillIlfl P011521 suitablyshaped surface of the cani123. As the screw is turned the ..;:position of the cam faces upon the member 125. will be varied-relatively tothe carriage 123 upon which the member 125' is carried. Also carried upon the carr age 121 is a' roller.

- 128 and a second c'ani piece 129 is fixed upon flthe carriage 123- The "roller 128 and the cam, piece 129 -contact with each othrrnt -ce'rtaintimes In;ordcr to control the movement' of the carriage 123.

The-cnrria'gc-fl l is provided with ii nwmcarriage121 with rcspcctto the be: for engaging an actuating means which "and thereby the carriage 121 and the indwheel 2. The said member is a'ro'ller 130, which is in engagement with a ,cam 131 mounted upona rotatable shaft 132. The cam has surfaces 133, 134 and 135 (shown inFig. 24 and in dotted lines in Figs. 22

serves to move and control the carriage l23' and suitably shaped to impartniove -ment to the carriage 123- i The, cam member 131 is adjustable upon the sliaft.l32,' thns serving to adjust the position of thecarriage 123. The adjusting means comprises a. screw thread on the shaft 132 with which the member 131 has threaded engagement,

and lock nuts 136 for holding it in'its adjusted position. i

prises a belt pulley 137 connected by bevel gearing 138 to a shaft 139, Upon the shaft' a worm 1:40 inmesh with'aworm wheel 141 upon a shaft-142 A gear 14311 3011 the other. 'end of the shaft 142 meshes with an I. The driving and controlling means co'mintermediate gear 11-1 which in turn i'neshes withagear 145 upon the shaft One end of the shaft 139 is journaled in a lug upon a sleeve 146 loosely mounted in the main shaft of the machine, and the other end inn bearing 1&7 pivotally mounted-upon a lever 148 which is in turn pivotally nounted at 115') upon the mac-hinefraine. By this,

construction the shaft 139 may, by the action of the 1ever'118, be dropped at one end so that the worm which it carries falls out'of mesh with the gear. A suitable pin-and slot connectionv 150 is provided for limiting the movement of the lever 148. Fixed upon a shaft, 151. suitably mounted on the frame of the machine is; a lever 152. pulled by a spring 153. I Fixed alsoupon the shaft 151 is a hook 154 which is adapted toengage' with a'lug 1155 upon the leverMSI An arm 156 fixed.

to the lever 152 is connected by" a, link 157 to a lever 15S having at its free end a fric-' tion roll .159 located in the path cof'theilu g shaft 132. k v. \V'hcn a reznner has been mounted onthe tonters and set in motion in the wayalready (a) l rotate-ii. lnitiall :thehook 1541 is out of engageur'it with the lug and the lever 14$ is at its lowermost position holding the Hworiu 111 out of cngageii' cnt with the worm I 160 upon a disk 161 carried. upon the lied; the, other parts of the, machineopcr' in, the following manner it being" mun end that the pulley- 137 is constantly --whccl 11.1. The operiitor lifts the lever 148, r

and the hook 1 1, yielding against the spring 153, snaps "ito position beneath the lug. The shafts Hi; and 132 are thus caused to rot-r te, 2' w The roller 1i I by the rotation of the shaft 132. rides along the first steep p0r- The so 121 and the auxiliary ca rrzaQe l ii v la. vregarded being S11lJ-' stuntuil the itions shown in -Fig;

1 preaching or. feeding.

- 0 on the cam 131 and slowly but positively or unyieldinglly moves the carriage 123 toward the left.

movement the lug 124 is in contact with the next inclined face 164 of .thecam iece 125, .which has a' very small degree 0 inclination and is 'slowl and positively moving or feeding the wheeitoward the reamer to keep the wheel and the-reamer in operative relation as thereamef is ground. The extent 'and speed\-.of.j,1this feeding movement are determined byrtheyshapdx-of the camsurfaces andgbjtheadjustment of the screw 1261" Referring especially to Flg. 24, it w ll be noted'that thejc'aln surface 133 extends into-the camsurface 134', which is straight gand therefore allows the carriage 123 to re- .mainstationa the member 131 rotates.

There is there or no approaching or feeding movement of, t e carriage and the grind- 80 ing wheel while the roller 130 is traveling."

I along the surface 134. Preferably, in order to positively and definitely limit the ap movement of the carthere .is provided an ma and the whee j ad ustable stop comprlsing a screw' 165 threaded into alug 166 fixed to the carriage 121. Oneface of the screw 165 is adapted I -.-to' contactwith a suitable face 167 carried upon the frame of the machine. This additional -limiting means acts when there is any spring or play in the work or in the .connected parts between the wheel and the devices for controlling its movement.

'It will be understood that after the appreaching-or feedingmovement is stopped the grinding wheel and the reamer continue to turn and a supplemental grinding of the reamer is effected to remove any unevenness that may be due to the vibration or 1springing of the various supporting elements.-

This supplementalgrinding. continues dur; ing at least one complete revolutioniofthe reamer. i

As the shaft 132 continues to rotate, the

roller 130 comes into contact with the cam piece 135 and the carriage 123 is given a relatively quick transverse movement toward the left. At substantially the same time the roller 128 upon the carriage121 comes into 9 contact with the cam piece 129 on he carriage 123 and the carriage 121 is thus moved backward, carrying the grinding wheel away from the work. It will thus beseen' that the separation of the wheel and the v nee w afww uring substantially all of thisapproaching movement has ceased At about this time the lug 160 uponthe dlsk 155 and permits the lever 148 to drop, thus releasing the worm 140 from en agement with the worm wheel 141. Then t e operator removes the reamer which has, been ground and a new one is ut in place and the machine is ready for urther operation in the way described. v I

In order to provide for grinding the reamers accurately to any'desired size, means are preferably provided whereby the wheel support 130 may be adj 1d along thecarriage 121. This means omprises a rotatable screw-threaded rod 168 rotatable in a block 169 u on the carriage 121 and thread- .ed into a ug 170 upon the support .120. Suitable means are provided for rotating the threaded rod 168 through any desired angle, this means as shown being a micrometer-head 171.

Usually when a broad-faced Wheel is used as shown in Fig. 1,it is found necessary or at least desirable toconstruct the Wheel-in a plurality of sections as shown. In order that there may be no unevenness of grinding at the division planes between the sections, provision is made for effecting a relative transverse; movement between the wheel and the reamer. whether the movement is effected by movmg the work or b "moving the grinding wheel, butin the drawings, shown for moving the work. The bed 3 is so mounted on the mainframe 122 as to be capable of longitudinal movement.

mounted on the aforesaid shaft 142. The

cam member 172 has in its periphery an I Located, ad acent the bed is a cam member 172 It is immaterial mechanlsm is will be seen, thereforc, that when the shaft I 142 and the camniember 172 are rotated, the bed 3 together with the headstock and tailstock and other parts mounted thereon,

will be given a reciprocatory or vibratory movement. The said movement serves to in-.

sure uniform grinding along the. entire length of the reamer and may also serve to.

permit the grinding wheel to act on a ream-,

er having a length somewhat greater than I the width of the wheel.

From the foregoing be clear that in addition to providing a. new and useful machine, I have also provided a new and useful method or process for grinding reamers. The reamer is description, it will simultaneously. turned andreciprocated toward and from the grind ingwheelmsuch a way tho tithe 

